Cusco is not just a destination; it is one of the best places to visit in Cusco and a true journey through time. Known as the historic capital of the Inca Empire, this Andean city sits at about 3,400 meters above sea level in the mountains of Peru and serves as the main gateway to Machu Picchu.
Walking through the streets of Cusco feels like stepping into history. Massive Inca stone walls blend with Spanish colonial architecture, creating a unique cultural landscape where ancient traditions and modern life coexist.
If you are planning a trip to Peru and wondering what to see in Cusco, this guide presents the most incredible places to visit, from historic landmarks and archaeological sites to breathtaking natural wonders in the Andes.
Historic Center of Cusco: The Cultural Heart of the City
The historic center of Cusco is the perfect place to begin your Andean adventure. Situated at over 3,300 meters above sea level, this vibrant district offers an ideal setting for travelers to spend their first day acclimatizing to the high altitude.
As your body naturally adjusts in preparation for the challenging treks ahead, you can safely wander through centuries of history, discovering cobblestone streets, majestic colonial architecture built upon ancient Inca foundations, and important cultural landmarks that tell the story of a once-mighty empire.
Plaza de Armas and Qorikancha Temple
The Plaza de Armas is the vibrant heart of Cusco. Surrounded by colonial arches and historic buildings, it hosts the impressive Cusco Cathedral, built on the former palace of the Inca ruler Viracocha.
A short walk away lies the famous Qorikancha, also known as the Temple of the Sun. Before the Spanish conquest, its walls were covered in sheets of solid gold. Today the Convent of Santo Domingo stands on its original Inca foundations, showcasing one of the most fascinating examples of architectural fusion in Peru.
The Famous Twelve-Angle Stone
Located on Hatun Rumiyoc Street, the Twelve-Angle Stone is one of the most impressive examples of Inca engineering. This massive diorite stone fits perfectly with the surrounding stones without the use of mortar.
Its precise carving reflects the extraordinary architectural knowledge of the Inca civilization. Today, it has become one of the most photographed attractions in Cusco and a symbol of the remarkable skill of Inca builders.
Museums in Cusco
Cusco is home to several museums that help visitors understand the region’s history and culture.
- Museo Inka: Located inside the historic Casa del Almirante, this museum houses an impressive collection of ceramics, textiles, jewelry, and Inca mummies.
- Museum of Pre-Columbian Art (MAP): Set inside a colonial mansion, this museum displays beautiful artifacts from ancient Peruvian civilizations, offering a modern perspective on pre-Hispanic art.
Sacsayhuamán: The Incredible Inca Fortress
Just 15 minutes from Cusco lies Sacsayhuaman, one of the most impressive archaeological sites in Peru. This massive ceremonial complex features enormous zigzag stone walls built with blocks weighing more than 100 tons.
The precision with which these stones were assembled continues to amaze archaeologists and engineers today. Sacsayhuamán also offers one of the best panoramic views of the city of Cusco.
Sacred Valley of the Incas
Located at a lower altitude than Cusco, the Sacred Valley of the Incas is a fertile valley surrounded by dramatic mountains and traditional villages. It is one of the most popular destinations in Peru and an essential stop before visiting Machu Picchu.
Chinchero
Chinchero is known as the village of the weavers. Here, local communities preserve ancient textile traditions using natural dyes and alpaca wool. Visitors can also explore an important archaeological site and a colonial church built on Inca foundations.
Ollantaytambo
Ollantaytambo is the only surviving Inca town still inhabited today. Its original urban layout remains intact, with narrow streets and stone canals. The town is famous for its impressive fortress and terraces, which served both military and ceremonial purposes.
Pisac
Pisac is famous for its colorful artisan market and impressive archaeological complex located high above the valley. The site features some of the most beautiful agricultural terraces in the entire Sacred Valley.
Moray and the Maras Salt Mines
Moray consists of circular terraces believed to have been an Inca agricultural laboratory used to experiment with crops. Nearby, the Maras Salt Mines contain more than 3,000 salt pools carved into the mountainside and still used today by local families.
Natural Wonders Near Cusco
Beyond its archaeological treasures, Cusco also offers some of the most spectacular landscapes in the Andes. Leaving the ancient stone ruins behind, you’ll find yourself surrounded by a dramatic geography of towering snow-capped peaks, high-altitude turquoise lakes, and sweeping valleys that seamlessly transition into the lush Amazonian cloud forest.
These untamed natural wonders set the stage for world-class trekking experiences, turning every step of the journey into an awe-inspiring encounter with the wild, rugged beauty of the Peruvian highlands.
Rainbow Mountain (Vinicunca)
Rainbow Mountain sits above 5,000 meters above sea level and has become one of the most famous natural attractions in Peru. Its colorful stripes of red, yellow, turquoise, and green are the result of mineral deposits formed millions of years ago.
Humantay Lake
Located at 4,200 meters above sea level, Humantay Lake is one of the most beautiful turquoise lakes in the Andes. Surrounded by glaciers and dramatic mountain scenery, the lake is a sacred place where travelers often leave stone offerings known as apachetas to honor the mountain spirits.
Epic Treks in Cusco
Cusco is the starting point for some of the most famous trekking routes in the world, attracting travelers who seek adventure, breathtaking landscapes, and ancient Inca history. From here, hikers can explore legendary trails such as the Inca Trail, the Salkantay Trek, the Lares Trek, and other scenic routes that cross high mountain passes, cloud forests, and remote archaeological sites before reaching the iconic citadel of Machu Picchu.
The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu
The Inca Trail is the most famous trek in South America. Over four days, hikers walk along ancient Inca paths, cross high mountain passes, and explore hidden archaeological sites.
The journey ends at Inti Punku (Sun Gate) with the first breathtaking view of Machu Picchu.
Salkantay Trek
The Salkantay Trek is one of the best alternatives to the Inca Trail. This adventure passes beneath the towering Salkantay Glacier at 4,600 meters before descending into lush cloud forests. The route combines dramatic mountain scenery with tropical landscapes before reaching Machu Picchu.
Machu Picchu: The Crown Jewel of Peru
No trip to Cusco is complete without visiting Machu Picchu, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. Hidden between lush mountains above the Urubamba River, this 15th-century Inca citadel is one of the greatest architectural achievements in history.
Visitors can explore remarkable structures such as:
- Temple of the Sun
- Intihuatana Stone
- Temple of the Three Windows
- Agricultural terraces
For panoramic views, travelers can also hike Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain.
Because access is regulated, it is important to book tickets and tours in advance.
Frequently Asked Questions About Visiting Cusco
- What is the best time to visit Cusco?
The dry season from May to October offers sunny days and ideal conditions for trekking. The rainy season from November to April brings greener landscapes.
- How can I avoid altitude sickness in Cusco?
Spend your first day resting, drink plenty of water, avoid heavy meals, and try coca tea. Many travelers also start their trip in the Sacred Valley to acclimatize more comfortably.
- How far in advance should I book the Inca Trail?
Permits are limited and sell out quickly. During high season it is recommended to book 6–8 months in advance.
Plan your adventure in Cusco with Machu Picchu Peru Tours.
Our local experts organize unforgettable trips to the Sacred Valley, Humantay Lake, Rainbow Mountain, and Machu Picchu, creating unique experiences that allow travelers to discover the best of the Andes.
Contact us today and start your journey to the heart of the Andes with a carefully planned adventure designed for an unforgettable visit to Peru.
